Ikoreshwa
Uko bikoreshwa
- Subiza, hanyuma inyongeramusango ikongeramwo ingereka z’inkomoko mu buryo bwikora — canke ibanze ibaze, iyo vyashizweho mu Mahitamo.
- Ibisubiramwo birakurwaho hakurikijwe izina rya dosiye; ibice bya S/MIME birasimburwa buri gihe. Amashusho yashizwe mu butumwa nyakuri asigara mu mubiri w'inyishu, aho Thunderbird ayashira, kandi ntayandukurwa nk'amadosiye.
- Ingereka ziri ku rutonde rw’irabura (blacklist) na zo nyene zirahagarikwa (amagereranyo ya glob atitaho inyuguti nkuru/nto akwiragiza amazina y’amadosiye gusa, si inzira). Raba Igenamiterere.
Ivibera mu gusubiza
- Kumenya inyishu → gutondeka ivyomatanyijwe nyakuri → gusubira inyuma S/MIME n'amashusho yashizwemo → kwemeza (bitegetswe) → kongeramwo amadosiye abereye (twirinda ibisubiramo).
| Ubwoko bw'igice | Yandukurwa mu nyishu |
|---|---|
Idosiye y'umukono wa S/MIME smime.p7s | Oya |
Ubwoko bwa MIME bwa S/MIME (application/pkcs7-*) | Oya |
Ishusho umubiri w'ubutumwa ushize hifashishijwe cid: | Oya (iri mu mubiri) |
Ishusho yashizweho akamenyetso Content-Disposition: inline | Oya (iri mu mubiri) |
Ishusho ifise Content-ID umubiri utigeze werekanaho | Yego |
Imeyili yometseko (message/rfc822) ifise izina rya dosiye | Yego |
| Icomekwa c'idosiye isanzwe gifise izina rya dosiye | Yego |
Ishusho ibarwa nk'iyashizwemwo gusa igihe ubutumwa nyakuri buyerekanaho vy'ukuri, canke igihe uwarungitse yashizeho
neza akamenyetso Content-Disposition: inline. Umutwe wa Content-ID gusa ntibihagije: abakoresha porogaramu za imeyili
benshi bashira iki kimenyetso ku gice cose c'ishusho, harimwo n'ivyometswe vy'ukuri, kandi ivyo bigomba kwandukurwa.
Guhuza ivyerekezo
- Kwohereza imbere (Forward) ntibihindurwa uko vyateguwe (raba Ibingamizi hepfo).
- Ku mpamvu ingereka zotokwongerwa, raba “Impamvu ingereka zishobora kutongerwa”.
Ibisobanuro vy’ukuntu bikora
- Kwirinda gusubirako: Inyongeramusango irimika ikimenyetso ko ishashura ryo kwandika ryatunganyijwe ikoresheje agaciro ka session ka buri tab n’umuzirikanyi uri imbere (in‑memory guard). Ntizongeramwo z’inkomoko kabiri.
- Gufunga no gusubira gufungura idirishya ryo kwandika bifatwa nk’isashura nshasha (ni ukuvuga ko urundi rugerageza ruremewe).
- Kwubahiriza ingereka zisanzwe: Naho mu kwandika harimwo ingereka zimwe, izo z’inkomoko zirongerwa rimwe gusa, hakasibwa amazina y’amadosiye asanzwe ahari.
- Ivyo kwigizayo: Ibipanguzi vya S/MIME n’amasanamu y’imbere bikuwemwo mu ngereka z’idosiye. Nta na kimwe cemewe ku rugendo rwa mbere, harakorwa urworuhutse rusubira gusuzuma ibice bitari S/MIME. Amasanamu y’imbere akurikiranwa ukwabyo: asubizwa mu mubiri w’igisubizo nk’ama data URI (iyo vyashizweho).
- Amazina y’amadosiye:
smime.p7s - Ubwoko bwa MIME:
application/pkcs7-signature,application/x-pkcs7-signature,application/pkcs7-mime - Amasanamu y’imbere: igice ico ari co cose
image/*cerekanywe na Content‑ID — gikuwemwo mu ngereka z’idosiye ariko gishirwa mu mubiri w’igisubizo iyo "Include inline pictures" iri ON - E‑mails zifatanye (
message/rfc822): zifatwa nk’ingereka zisanzwe iyo zifise izina ry’idosiye; zirashobora kwongerwa (bishingiye ku gusuzuma ibisubirako n’urutonde rw’irabura).
- Amazina y’amadosiye:
- Impuruza y’urutonde rw’irabura (iyo yashizweho): Igihe abakandida bakuwemwo n’urutonde rwawe rw’irabura, inyongeramusango irerekana akadirisha gatoyi kerekana amadosiye akozeweko n’ urugero(rw) ruhuye. Iyi mpuruza iraboneka no mu bihe aho ata ngereka zizongerwa kubera vyose vyakuwemwo.
Inzira ngufi ku kibaho c’imyandikire
- Idirishwa ryo kwemeza: Y/J = Ego, N/Esc = Oya; Tab/Shift+Tab be n’utufunguro tw’imyambi bihinduranya ivyibandwako.
- “Inyishu y’ibanze (Default answer)” muri Igenamiterere ishiraho buto yibandwako mu ntango.
- Enter ituma buto yibandwako ikora. Tab/Shift+Tab n’imyambi bimura ivyibandwako kugira koroherezwe ukwinjira.
Ikigufashanyo c’utufunguro tw’ihutisha
| Utufunguro | Igikorwa |
|---|---|
| Y / J | Kwemeza Ego |
| N / Esc | Kwemeza Oya |
| Enter | Gukoresha buto yibandwako |
| Tab / Shift+Tab | Kwimura ivyibandwako imbere/inyuma |
| Imyambi | Kwimura ivyibandwako hagati y’ububuto |
| Inyishu y’ibanze | Ishiraho ivyibandwako vya mbere (Ego canke Oya) |
Ibingamizi
- Kwohereza imbere (Forward) ntibihindurwa n’iyi nyongeramusango (Reply na Reply all birashigikiwe).
- Ingereka nini cane zishobora kugengwa n’imbibe za Thunderbird canke uwutanza serivisi.
- Inyongeramusango ntiyigabura (chunk) canke ngo ihonishe (compress) amadosiye; yizera uburyo busanzwe bwa Thunderbird bwo gucungera ingereka.
- Ubutumwa bwakingiwe: ibice vya S/MIME birakuwemwo n’ukugomba.
Impamvu ingereka zishobora kutongerwa
- Amashusho ubutumwa nyakuri yashizemo ntabwo akoporwa nk'amadosiye. Asanzwe ari mu mubiri w'inyishu, aho Thunderbird yayashize. Raba Configuration.
- Ibice vy’umukono vya S/MIME birakuwemwo uko vyateguwe: amazina y’amadosiye nka
smime.p7sn’ubwoko bwa MIME nkaapplication/pkcs7-signaturecankeapplication/pkcs7-mimebirasimbukwa. - Amagereranyo yo ku rutonde rw’irabura arashobora gusiba abakandida: raba Igenamiterere; uko bihura ntibititaho inyuguti nkuru/nto kandi bihanze ku mazina y’amadosiye gusa.
- Amazina y’amadosiye asubirako ntiyongerwa: niba mu kwandika hasanzwe harimwo idosiye ifise izina ryahuriweko risa, irasimbukwa.
- Ibice bitari amadosiye canke amazina yabuze: ibice bisa nk’amadosiye bifise amazina akoreshwa gusa ni vyo biharurwa ngo vyongerwe.
Raba kandi